May be helpful for the prevention and remedy of CRS.Extra filesAdditional file 1: (A) Western blotting for tight junction and adherens junction proteins in hTERT-transfected HNECs soon after therapy with 0.01 U neutrophil elastase. (B) RT-PCR for mRNAs ofNomura et al. Respiratory Analysis 2014, 15:21 http://respiratory-research/content/15/1/Page 12 oftight junction molecules in hTERT-transfected HNECs immediately after treatment with 0.01 U neutrophil elastase. NE: neutrophil elastase. Added file 2: Western blotting for tight junction proteins in hTERT-transfected HNECs therapy with pan-PKC inhibitor (GF109203X), MEK1/2 inhibitor (U0126), PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580), JNK inhibitor (SP600125), epidermal development factor (EGF) receptor inhibitor (AG1478), COX1 inhibitor (FR122047), and COX2 inhibitor, NF-B inhibitor (IMD-0354), and Proteasome inhibitor (MG132) without the need of Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase.ten.11.12peting interests The authors declare that they have no competing interest. Authors’ contributions KN and TK carried out the genetic cell biological studies and drafted the manuscript. KO, RM and SH participated in cell culture. KT participated in the design of your study and performed the statistical evaluation. TH and SN conceived from the study, and participated in its style and coordination and helped to draft the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Acknowledgments This function was supported by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports Science, and Technology, as well as the Ministry of Overall health, Labour and Welfare of Japan.13.14.15.16.17. Author particulars 1 Departments of Otolaryngology, Sapporo Healthcare University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan. 2Departments of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoro-6-methylpyrimidine Chemical name 3 Departments of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.146683-25-2 manufacturer 4Department of Cell Science, Investigation Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan. Received: ten November 2013 Accepted: 31 January 2014 Published: 18 February 2014 References 1. Dulon S, Leduc D, Cottrell GS, D’Alayer J, Hansen KK, Bunnett NW, Hollenberg MD, Pidard D, Chignard M: Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase disables proteinase-activated receptor two in respiratory epithelial cells.PMID:25105126 Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2005, 32:411?19. two. Clark CA, Thomas LK, Azghani AO: Inhibition of protein kinase C attenuates Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase-induced epithelial barrier disruption. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011, 45:1263?271. 3. Ramakrishnan JB, Kingdom TT, Ramakrishnan VR: Allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis: their impact on lower airways. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2013, 33:45?0. four. D ing G, Goldstein W, R l A, Schi z PO, H by N, Botzenhart K: Function of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoenzymes in lung infections of sufferers with cystic fibrosis. Infect Immun 1985, 49:557?62. 5. Woods DE, Lam JS, Paranchych W, Speert DP, Campbell M, Godfrey AJ: Correlation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence things from clinical and environmental isolates with pathogenicity in the neutropenic mouse. Can J Microbiol 1997, 43:541?51. 6. Azghani AO, Miller EJ, Peterson BT: Virulence variables from Pseudomonas aeruginosa enhance lung epithelial permeability. Lung 2000, 178:261?69. 7. Azghani AO, Baker JW, Shetty S, Miller EJ, Bhat GJ: Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase.